They believe that social order is achieved through consensus, shared values, and the fulfillment of social roles and responsibilities.įrom a functionalist perspective, social change is seen as gradual and evolutionary, occurring as a result of adjustments and adaptations within the existing social system. Just as different organs in the human body perform distinct functions to ensure its survival, functionalists believe that social institutions such as education, family, religion, and government serve specific purposes to maintain the smooth functioning of society.įunctionalists argue that these institutions work together harmoniously, with each fulfilling a unique role that contributes to the overall stability and functioning of society. This perspective emphasizes the interdependence of different social institutions and their roles in promoting social cohesion and equilibrium.Īccording to functionalists, society is analogous to a living organism, where each part contributes to the overall functioning and well-being of the whole. Functionalismįunctionalism is a theoretical framework within sociology that views society as a complex system made up of various interconnected parts, each serving a specific function to maintain social order and stability. In order to fully understand the concepts of functionalism and Marxism, it is essential to establish clear definitions for each of these sociological perspectives. In this article, we will explore the key differences between functionalism and Marxism, shedding light on their core concepts and examining their contrasting views on society. While both theories aim to explain social order and change, they approach the subject matter from different angles. Functionalism and Marxism are two prominent sociological theories that offer different perspectives on how society functions.
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